國際學(xué)術(shù)交流的越來越多，中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)之間的合作日益增多，醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯顯得尤為重要，今天北京翻譯公司給大家說說影響醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯質(zhì)量的因素有哪些?

　　More and more international academic exchanges, the cooperation between the traditional Chinese medicine and the western medicine is increasing, the medical translation is more important, and today, what are the factors that affect the quality of medical translation?

　　1、醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　1. Standards for medical translation

　　翻譯是按社會認(rèn)知需要、在具有不同規(guī)則的符號系統(tǒng)之間所作的信息傳遞過程，是運用一種語言把另一種語言所表達(dá)的思想內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確而又完整地再現(xiàn)出來的語言活動。醫(yī)學(xué)英文的翻譯同樣脫離不了翻譯的這一本質(zhì)，因此其翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也同其他翻譯實踐一樣應(yīng)堅持忠實和通順的原則，即一切醫(yī)學(xué)英語譯文都應(yīng)包含原文的思想內(nèi)容，表達(dá)上要準(zhǔn)確、完整、科學(xué)和規(guī)范，譯文不得有生硬晦澀、結(jié)構(gòu)混亂以及文理不同的現(xiàn)象。

　　Translation is a process of information transmission between symbolic systems with different rules in accordance with the needs of social cognition. It is a language activity that uses one language to accurately and completely reproduce the content of ideas expressed in another language. The translation of medical English cannot be divorced from the essence of translation, so its translation standard should be as faithful and smooth as other translation practices, that is, all medical English translations should contain the original ideological content. Be accurate, complete, scientific and normative in expression.

　　2、醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯中詞匯的特點及處理方法

　　2. The characteristics and processing methods of Vocabulary in Medical Translation

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語詞匯的特點是具有很強的專業(yè)性，詞的意義嚴(yán)格受到所搭配的詞和語境的限制，因此，在對醫(yī)學(xué)英語進(jìn)行翻譯的過程中，必須根據(jù)語境和詞語之間搭配情況，對詞義和詞法做出相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)變和處理，使譯文文字通順、得體、規(guī)范。

　　Medical English vocabulary is characterized by its strong professionalism, the meaning of which is strictly limited by the collocation of words and contexts. Therefore, in the process of translating medical English, it is necessary to make use of the context and collocation between words and phrases. To make the corresponding changes and processing of word meaning and morphology to make the translated text smooth, appropriate and standardized.

　　3、醫(yī)學(xué)英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)特點對翻譯的影響

　　(3) the influence of structural characteristics of Medical English sentence patterns on Translation

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語屬于科技文體，主要表達(dá)醫(yī)學(xué)科技的事實與概念，傳遞交流基礎(chǔ)和臨床醫(yī)學(xué)的信息，[2]要求結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、邏輯嚴(yán)密、用詞精確，表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，又由于醫(yī)學(xué)文章以敘事推理為重，強調(diào)客觀性，因而，醫(yī)學(xué)英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)表現(xiàn)出了多用長句、從句和被動句的形式特點。大量從句和被動句的使用使得醫(yī)學(xué)英語的句子意義往往不能僅從其外形結(jié)構(gòu)做出判斷，從句中連詞、關(guān)系詞的連接、指代關(guān)系以及被動句中主語與謂語之間的表達(dá)方式都成為了影響醫(yī)學(xué)英語翻譯的重要因素。

　　Medical English belongs to the style of science and technology. It mainly expresses the facts and concepts of medical science and technology, conveys the information of basic communication and clinical medicine. [2] it requires strict structure, strict logic, precise words and accurate expression. Because of the emphasis on narrative reasoning and objectivity in medical articles, the structure of medical English sentence patterns shows the formal characteristics of multipurpose long sentences, clauses and passive sentences. With the use of a large number of clauses and passive sentences, the meaning of medical English sentences can not be judged only by their appearance and structure, and the connection of conjunctions and relational words in clauses, The anaphoric relation and the expression between the subject and the predicate in the passive sentence have become the influence of medicine. Important factors in learning English translation.

　　4、長句、難句對翻譯的影響及處理

　　The influence and treatment of long, long and difficult sentences on Translation

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語的思想內(nèi)容決定了其表現(xiàn)形式無法被簡單的句子結(jié)構(gòu)所容納，必須借助長句、從句，有時甚至是較多的從句嵌套才能完成意義的構(gòu)建。句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性給翻譯理解帶來了較多的障礙和困難，因為譯者不僅要看懂句子的外形結(jié)構(gòu)，還要能理解其深層結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯關(guān)系，才能準(zhǔn)確地把握語義。

　　The ideological content of medical English determines that its expressive form cannot be accommodated by simple sentence structure, and it must be nested with long sentences, clauses and sometimes more clauses in order to complete the construction of meaning. The complexity of sentence structure brings many obstacles and difficulties to the translation comprehension, because the translator should not only understand the external structure of the sentence, but also understand the logic relation of its deep structure in order to grasp the semantics accurately.

　　5、結(jié)束語

　　Conclusion

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語作為一種科技文體，其遣詞造句、語法結(jié)構(gòu)等有著自身的特點和規(guī)律，語言文字的表達(dá)也具有較強的專業(yè)性，因而醫(yī)學(xué)英語的翻譯難度較普通英語大得多，譯者不僅需要擁有扎實的英語基礎(chǔ)知識，還要具備相關(guān)的醫(yī)學(xué)背景知識。對于醫(yī)科院校的學(xué)生來說，他們已具備了一定水平的醫(yī)學(xué)知識，而受影響的主要是沒能掌握好醫(yī)學(xué)英語的語言特點。因此，本文僅從醫(yī)學(xué)英語的詞、句特點入手，就這兩方面對翻譯造成的影響進(jìn)行了分析，并提出了相應(yīng)的處理方法。

　　As a kind of science and technology style, medical English has its own characteristics and rules, and the expression of language is also professional, so the translation difficulty of medical English is much larger than that of ordinary English. The translator needs not only a solid foundation of English, but also relevant medical background knowledge. For students in medical colleges, they have a certain level of medical knowledge, and the main influence is not to master the language characteristics of the medical English. Therefore, this paper analyzes the influence of the two aspects on the translation from the word and the characteristics of the medical English, and puts forward the phase. Methods to be dealt with.

中譯國際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.